A Prospective Study of Etiology of Childhood Acute Bacterial Meningitis, Turkey

Vaccines to prevent bacterial meningitis in this region must provide reliable protection against serogroup W-135

Differences between Depression Episodes of Bipolar Disorder I and II

Fieve ve Dunner 1975’te, belirgin yeti yitimine neden olacak ya da hastaneye yatışı gerektirecek kadar şiddetli olmayan ve psikotik özellikler bulundurma-yan hipomanik dönemleri maniden ayırt ederek, manik ve depresif ataklarla tanımlı bipolar bozukluk tip I ve hipomanik ve depresif ataklarla tanımlı bipolar bozukluk tip II’yi birbirinden ayırdılar. Bipolar bozukluk I ile II’nin depresif ataklarının birbirine benzer olduğu öne sürülmüştür. Bipolar II’nin bipolar I’in ya da unipolar bozukluğun bir varyantı mı olduğu, bipolar I ile unipolar bozukluk arasındaki süreklilikte bir yerde mi olduğu yoksa ayrı bir bozukluk mu olduğu halen tartışılmaktadır. Bipolar bozukluğun alt tiplerinin depresif atak karakterinde ve gidiş özelliklerinde bazı benzerlikler bulunmakla birlikte, ayırıcı tanı ve tedavide yararlı olabilecek bazı farklılıklar vardır. Bu yazının amacı bu farklılıkları gözden geçirmektir.

Synthesis, characterization, biological activity and theoretical studies of a 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole-based fluorescent Schiff base

Boyacioglu, Bahadir/0000-0003-3757-3622; Demir, Neslihan/0000-0002-2347-8344; Unver, Huseyin/0000-0003-3968-4385; YAPAR, GONUL/0000-0001-5644-3300WOS: 000457660300020A new Schiff base, (E)-3,5-dimethoxy-2-((6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)- phenol, was prepared from the reaction of 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole and 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and characterized with elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-VIS, NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Frontier molecular orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential, and chemical reactivity descriptors of the synthesized compound were studied using molecular modeling methods. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Schiff base were studied for its minimum inhibitory concentration. The compound showed a higher effect on yeast than against bacteria. The interactions of the compound with DNA were studied with the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectra and gel electrophoresis method. The experimental results indicated that the 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole-based Schiff base could bind to DNA via an intercalative mode and showed that it cleaved DNA without the need for external agents. Additionally, the Schiff base showed colorimetric sensor properties for fluoride and cyanide anions in dimethyl sulfoxide.Scientific Research Commission [FBA-2018-2516]; Ankara University Grants CommissionAnkara University [18H0504001]The authors are grateful to Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, The Scientific Research Commission (FBA-2018-2516), and Ankara University Grants Commission for a Research Grant (Project No.: 18H0504001)

Evaluation of Corneal Stromal Demarcation Line after Two Different Protocols of Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Procedures Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography and Confocal Microscopy

Purpose. To evaluate the depth of corneal stromal demarcation line using AS-OCT and confocal microscopy after two different protocols of accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking procedures (CXL). Methods. Patients with keratoconus were divided into two groups. Peschke CXL device (Peschke CCL-VARIO Meditrade GmbH) applied UVA light with an intended irradiance of 18.0 mW/cm2 for 5 minutes after applying riboflavin for 20 minutes (group 1) and 30 minutes (group 2). One month postoperatively, corneal stromal demarcation line was measured using AS-OCT and confocal microscopy. Results. This study enrolled 34 eyes of 34 patients (17 eyes in group 1 and 17 eyes in group 2). The mean depth of the corneal stromal demarcation line was 208.64±18.41 μm in group 1 and 240.37±18.89 μm in group 2 measured with AS OCT, while it was 210.29±18.66 μm in group 1 and 239.37±20.07 μm in group 2 measured with confocal microscopy. Corneal stromal demarcation line depth measured with AS OCT or confocal microscopy was significantly deeper in group 2 than group 1 (P<0.01). Conclusion. The group in which riboflavin was applied for 30 minutes showed significantly deeper corneal stromal demarcation line than the group in which riboflavin was applied for 20 minutes